2 Samuel 3 Explained – A 5 Minute Bible Study

Introduction:

After Saul's death around 1055 B.C., David assumed the throne over Judah, marking the beginning of his ascent to becoming the second king over all Israel. Part of this seven-year journey unfolds in 2 Samuel 3.

Key Characters:

1. David: The future king of Israel, initially only reigning over Judah.

2. Abner: Leader of Israel's army, who initially supported Ish-bosheth over David.

3. Joab: A key figure in David's army, with a complex relationship with Abner.

4. Michal: David's first wife, daughter of King Saul.

Setting:

The events primarily occur in Hebron, where David lived and eventually buried Abner.

Outline:

1. The Sons of David (3:1-5):

   • David fathered six sons during his time in Hebron, each with a different mother.

   • (1) Amnon (with his wife Ahinoam), (2) Chileab (Abigail), (3) Absalom (Maacah), (4) Adonijah (Haggith), (5) Shephatiah (Abital), and (6) Ithream (Eglah).

2. Abner Joins David (3:6-25):

   • A prolonged conflict between David in Judah and Ish-bosheth in Israel.

   • Abner, once Ish-bosheth's supporter, strategically positions himself and decides to ally with David.

   • Abner's confrontation with Ish-bosheth leads to him pledging the kingdom to David.

   • David agrees to peace with the condition of reclaiming his first wife, Michal.

   • Abner persuades Ish-bosheth and secures Michal’s return to David.

   • Joab, angered by David’s willingness to ally with Abner, plots to kill Abner.

3. Joab's Act of Vengeance (3:26-30):

   • Joab lures Abner back to Hebron and avenges his brother Asahel's death by killing Abner.

   • David reacts with mourning and curses Joab's house.

4. David Honors Abner (3:31-39):

   • David publicly mourns Abner, emphasizing he did not desire his death.

   • This mourning earns David favor among the people of Israel.

Application:

The narrative highlights the difference between knowing God's will and obeying it. Abner, aware of God's promises to give David the kingdom, initially aligned with Ish-bosheth. He knew the will of God, but he chose a different path. True followers of God go beyond knowledge, they actively conform their lives to His will.